Alexandria, often referred to as the "Pearl of the Mediterranean", is one of Egypt's most important cities, rich in history and culture. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC, it quickly became one of the most prominent cities in the ancient world. Located on the northern coast of Egypt, along the Mediterranean Sea, Alexandria offers a unique blend of ancient heritage, colonial influence, and modern culture.
March – May & September – November: The spring and fall months provide the most pleasant weather in Alexandria, with mild temperatures ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities.
June – August: These months can be hot and humid, especially in Alexandria's coastal areas, but it’s still a popular time to visit due to the beaches and coastal vibe.
December – February: These months can be cooler and rainy, but still enjoyable for exploring the city if you prefer to avoid the crowds.
By Air (Borg El Arab Airport):
The Borg El Arab International Airport (HBE) is located about 40 km southwest of Alexandria. It has international and domestic flights, though Cairo International Airport (CAI) is often used as a transit hub, offering more connections to Alexandria by train or bus.
By Train:
The train system is one of the most convenient ways to travel to Alexandria from Cairo and other Egyptian cities. The train station is centrally located and offers frequent services to and from Cairo, taking around 2.5 to 3 hours.
By Bus:
There are several buses operating between Cairo and Alexandria, which is an affordable option for budget travelers. The journey takes about 3-4 hours depending on traffic.
By Car:
Driving to Alexandria from Cairo is quite simple, as the Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road is a direct highway, with the journey taking around 2.5 to 3 hours.
The Library of Alexandria (Bibliotheca Alexandrina):
A modern architectural marvel, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a tribute to the ancient Library of Alexandria that was once one of the largest and most significant libraries of the ancient world. It houses an extensive collection of books, manuscripts, and exhibitions.
The Alexandria National Museum:
Located in a beautifully restored palace, this museum features collections of ancient Egyptian, Greco-Roman, and Islamic art. It’s an excellent place to explore Alexandria's multifaceted history.
The Citadel of Qaitbay:
Built on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Citadel of Qaitbay offers stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea. The fortress is a great spot for history buffs and photography lovers.
The Roman Amphitheatre:
The Roman Amphitheatre is an impressive, well-preserved site in Alexandria with mosaic floors and an open-air structure. It was built in the 4th century AD and is one of the most important archaeological sites in the city.
Pompey’s Pillar:
One of Alexandria’s most iconic landmarks, Pompey’s Pillar is a granite column standing tall at around 25 meters. It’s believed to mark the site of a temple dedicated to Serapis and offers an insight into ancient Alexandria's grandeur.
Montaza Palace and Gardens:
The Montaza Palace is a royal palace that was built in the early 20th century. It is set within beautiful gardens, and you can explore the grounds or walk along the Mediterranean coast.
The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa:
This historical site consists of underground tombs dating back to the 2nd century AD. The catacombs blend Egyptian, Greek, and Roman architectural styles and are among the largest Roman burial sites in Egypt.
Alexandria Corniche:
The Corniche is a beautiful waterfront promenade along the Mediterranean. You can stroll by the sea, enjoy the views, or relax at one of the many cafes or restaurants that line the street.
Rosetta (Rashid):
About 60 km from Alexandria, Rosetta is a quiet town famous for its Islamic architecture and the Rosetta Stone, which was discovered here. The town offers an opportunity to see historical Egyptian life on the Nile Delta.
Siwa Oasis:
A bit further out, Siwa Oasis is one of Egypt’s most remote and scenic destinations. It’s known for its salt lakes, ancient ruins, and the Temple of the Oracle, where Alexander the Great was famously declared the son of Amun.
Abu Mena:
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Abu Mena is an ancient Christian pilgrimage site, with ruins of a basilica and monastic buildings. It's about an hour's drive from Alexandria and offers a fascinating glimpse into early Christian Egypt.
Stroll Along the Corniche:
A walk along Alexandria’s scenic Corniche offers beautiful views of the Mediterranean Sea, the Citadel of Qaitbay, and the Royal Palaces in Montaza.
Take a Boat Ride:
Alexandria’s harbor offers boat tours where you can enjoy the view of the coastline and the historical sites from the water.
Explore the Markets:
Visit Souk El Attarine or other markets for traditional Egyptian goods, such as spices, jewelry, and clothing.
Enjoy Alexandria’s Cafés and Restaurants:
Alexandria is known for its seafood, so be sure to try dishes like grilled fish, shrimp, and seafood stew. You can enjoy these at a café along the sea or in the city’s bustling districts.
Luxury:
Four Seasons Hotel Alexandria at San Stefano: A luxurious beachside hotel offering spectacular views of the Mediterranean, along with first-class service and amenities.
Helnan Palestine Hotel: Located in Montaza, this hotel offers an amazing view of the Montaza Palace Gardens and the Mediterranean.
Mid-Range:
Steigenberger Cecil Hotel Alexandria: A charming historic hotel located in the heart of Alexandria with elegant rooms and views of the harbor.
Tivoli Hotel Alexandria: An affordable, centrally located hotel with comfortable accommodations and proximity to Alexandria’s top attractions.
Budget-Friendly:
Alexandria Mediterranean Suites: A budget-friendly option offering basic accommodations with convenient access to the city center.
Smouha Hotel Alexandria: A simple, affordable hotel located in a quiet area, perfect for those looking for a more budget-conscious option.
✅ Local Specialties:
Alexandrian Foul (Ful): A traditional Egyptian breakfast dish made with fava beans, served with olive oil, lemon, and spices.
Fish Sayadeya: A popular fish dish made with rice, spices, and fried onions, often served with a variety of fresh seafood.
Koshari: A hearty dish made with rice, lentils, pasta, and topped with a tangy tomato sauce and crispy onions.
Mahshi: Stuffed vegetables like zucchini and grape leaves, often filled with rice and herbs.
Kunafa: A sweet dessert made with shredded dough, soaked in syrup, and often filled with cheese or nuts.
🍴 Top Restaurants:
Fishawi's (Alexandria Corniche): A legendary seafood restaurant known for its fresh fish and Mediterranean views.
Al-Maharani (Downtown Alexandria): A high-end restaurant offering a mix of traditional and modern Egyptian cuisine.
Gad Restaurant (Alexandria): A chain offering great Egyptian fast food like koshari, falafel, and shawarma.
Balbaa Restaurant (Alexandria Corniche): A famous seafood restaurant with a wide selection of fresh fish and seafood dishes.
Hellenistic and Greco-Roman Influence:
As a city founded by Alexander the Great, Alexandria has deep Greek and Roman influences that can be seen in the architecture, art, and even local festivals.
Modern Egyptian Culture:
Alexandria has a blend of both modern and traditional Egyptian culture. Many local festivals reflect the city’s connection to Arab and Islamic traditions.
Café Culture:
Alexandria has a strong café culture, and it’s not unusual to see locals enjoying mint tea, coffee, or shisha at cafés along the Corniche or in the city’s historic neighborhoods.
Literary Legacy:
Alexandria is a center for literature and art, having inspired many famous writers, such as Lawrence Durrell and C.S. Forester. Its literary history is celebrated in local culture.
✔️ Dress Comfortably: Alexandria can be humid, so light, breathable clothing is recommended.
✔️ Use Local Transportation: Taxis and minibuses are convenient ways to get around.
✔️ Respect Local Customs: While Alexandria is a cosmopolitan city, it’s important to dress modestly when visiting religious sites.
✔️ Keep Cash on Hand: While many places accept credit cards, small shops and markets may only accept cash.